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Let’s save the bees with machine learning – TechCrunch

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Machine learning and all its related forms of “AI” are being used to work on just about every problem under the sun, but even so, stemming the alarming decline of the bee population still seems out of left field. In fact it’s a great application for the technology and may help both bees and beekeepers keep hives healthy.

The latest threat to our precious honeybees is the Varroa mite, a parasite that infests hives and sucks the blood from both bees and their young. While it rarely kills a bee outright, it can weaken it and cause young to be born similarly weak or deformed. Over time this can lead to colony collapse.

The worst part is that unless you’re looking closely, you might not even see the mites — being mites, they’re tiny: a millimeter or so across. So infestations often go on for some time without being discovered.

Beekeepers, caring folk at heart obviously, want to avoid this. But the solution has been to put a flat surface beneath a hive and pull it out every few days, inspecting all the waste, dirt and other hive junk for the tiny bodies of the mites. It’s painstaking and time-consuming work, and of course if you miss a few, you might think the infestation is getting better instead of worse.

Machine learning to the rescue!

As I’ve had occasion to mention about a billion times before this, one of the things machine learning models are really good at is sorting through noisy data, like a surface covered in random tiny shapes, and finding targets, like the shape of a dead Varroa mite.

Students at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne in Switzerland created an image recognition agent called ApiZoom trained on images of mites that can sort through a photo and identify any visible mite bodies in seconds. All the beekeeper needs to do is take a regular smartphone photo and upload it to the EPFL system.

The project started back in 2017, and since then the model has been trained with tens of thousands of images and achieved a success rate of detection of about 90 percent, which the project’s Alain Bugnon told me is about at parity with humans. The plan now is to distribute the app as widely as possible.

“We envisage two phases: a web solution, then a smartphone solution. These two solutions allow to estimate the rate of infestation of a hive, but if the application is used on a large scale, of a region,” Bugnon said. “By collecting automatic and comprehensive data, it is not impossible to make new findings about a region or atypical practices of a beekeeper, and also possible mutations of the Varroa mites.”

That kind of systematic data collection would be a major help for coordinating infestation response at a national level. ApiZoom is being spun out as a separate company by Bugnon; hopefully this will help get the software to beekeepers as soon as possible. The bees will thank them later.

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Netflix waiting for strikes to end before jacking up prices

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Enlarge / Netflix’s pirate series, One Piece, recently debuted on the platform.

Netflix

Netflix, one of the only profitable TV streaming services (along with Hulu), is reportedly planning on increasing the monthly price of its ad-free subscription, The Wall Street Journal reported today. However, the price bump reportedly won’t come for “a few months,” as Netflix is waiting for the actors’ and writers’ strike to formally end, the publication said.

WSJ said “people familiar with the matter” informed it that Netflix will probably launch its price hike in the US and Canada. WSJ couldn’t confirm how much prices will increase or when the increases will start. A representative for Netflix could not immediately be reached by Ars Technica for comment. Netflix declined to comment to the Journal.

The Writers Guild of America (WGA) is voting on a tentative agreement with TV and movie studios this week, while the Screen Actors Guild is undergoing negotiations.

Streaming prices keep rising

Today, Discovery+ announced that it’s increasing prices for its ad-free tier from $6.99 to $8.99 per month, effective immediately. A similar move from Netflix would follow the broader streaming industry’s trend of jacking up prices.

Netflix’s last price increase was in January 2022, when its ad-free standard plan went from $14 to $15.49 per month, and its 4K plan went from $18 to $20 per month. Those prices look a lot different from Netflix’s debut monthly pricing ($7.99 or $11.99 for 4K).

As subscriber numbers stagnate, though, Netflix has been looking for other ways to increase revenue. A price hike is one obvious way to attempt to do that. Netflix also introduced an ad plan ($6.99 per month) this year and got rid of its mid-tier, ad-free Basic plan (making the lowest price for ad-free Netflix $15.49 per month instead of $9.99 per month). The company also cracked down on password sharing, charging $7.99 per month for each user outside the main household.

As noted by WSJ today, Netflix, as well as streaming rivals Disney and Warner Bros. Discovery, have pointed to its ad-supported tiers generating higher average revenue per user than ad-free tiers. Bumping up the prices of its ad-free plan could be beneficial for Netflix by generating more revenue from ad-free users and by pushing people to its ad tier. In May, Netflix president of worldwide advertising Jeremi Gorman said Netflix’s ad tier has “nearly” 5 million monthly active users, per The Hollywood Reporter.

Netflix’s reported upcoming price rise could also help the company manage incoming costs associated with its agreements with writers and actors. As noted by The Verge, streaming services like Netflix will be required to share performance metrics with writers and increase writer residuals. The WGA believes its new contract equates to 0.2 percent ($68 million) of Netflix’s annual revenue ($31.6 billion).

In July, during its Q2 2023 earnings call, Netflix CFO Spencer Adam Neumann said that the writers’ and actors’ strikes could add some “lumpiness” to Netflix’s cash flow from 2023 through 2024.

Frequent changes in streaming services’ prices, combo packages, and content have turned cord-cutting into a complicated, pricey endeavor that’s reminiscent of cable.

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OpenCore Legacy Patcher project brings macOS Sonoma support to 16-year-old Macs

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Enlarge / Unsupported Mac models like this 2017 iMac can install macOS Sonoma using the OpenCore Legacy Patcher project.

Andrew Cunningham

When Apple decides to end update support for your Mac, you can either try to install another OS or you can trick macOS into installing on your hardware anyway. That’s the entire point of the OpenCore Legacy Patcher, a community-driven project that supports old Macs by combining some repurposed Hackintosh projects with older system files extracted from past macOS versions.

Yesterday, the OCLP team announced version 1.0.0 of the software, the first to formally support the recently released macOS 14 Sonoma. Although Sonoma officially supports Macs released mostly in 2018 or later, the OCLP project will allow Sonoma to install on Macs that go back to models released in 2007 and 2008, enabling them to keep up with at least some of the new features and security patches baked into the latest release.

But OCLP supports some Macs better than others, and generally, the older your Mac is, the more problems you will have.

A key dividing line is between Macs that support the Metal graphics API and Macs that don’t—Macs made in 2012 or later generally have it, but those made before 2012 generally don’t. Some graphics features are broken pretty much across the board on older Macs, even ones that do have Metal GPUs—playing DRM-protected video in Safari, using Live Text OCR, and enabling Continuity Camera are all listed as non- or semi-functional on the project’s support page. However, non-Metal GPUs can have even more significant problems rendering basic macOS UI elements or running certain apps.

OCLP has only had limited success supporting Apple’s T1 chip, a proto-Apple Silicon coprocessor included in Touch Bar MacBook Pros in 2016 and 2017. The T1 is less capable than the later Apple T2, which handles media encoding and decoding, adds an SSD controller, and handles storage encryption. But the T1 still does plenty, including display output for the Touch Bar, Touch ID fingerprint storage and authentication, and Apple Pay support.

The OpenCore Legacy Patcher supports Sonoma installation on Macs as old as 2007.
Enlarge / The OpenCore Legacy Patcher supports Sonoma installation on Macs as old as 2007.

OpenCore Legacy Patcher

Last year’s macOS Ventura still supported some T1 Macs, so support for it remained baked into the OS. But Sonoma no longer natively supports any T1 Macs, so Apple removed the system files used to make it work. The OCLP team has had limited success using older system files to get it working again, but doing this also breaks Apple ID login on those Macs, affecting an even longer list of features.

Problems supporting proprietary chips in late-model Intel Macs have also hampered Linux support on those machines, as detailed in our macOS Sonoma review. Components like webcams and trackpads are often partially functional or non-functional in Linux on these systems, either because of a lack of drivers or because those components connect to the rest of the Mac using non-standard interfaces.

Still, compatibility issues or not, the OCLP project is an impressive undertaking that can allow more technically savvy users to squeeze a few more years out of an aging but otherwise functional Mac that Apple no longer supports. Even installing a somewhat older macOS version like 2022’s Ventura or 2021’s Monterey will get you security patches and Safari updates rather than leaving your system unprotected.

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The $10,000-plus golden Apple Watch is now “obsolete,” according to Apple

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Enlarge / 18-karat rose gold Apple Watches on display, ready for you to invest more than five figures into their inevitably limited lifespan as a functional timekeeping device.

Getty Images

When purchasing a luxury watch, you might consider it more of an heirloom than a simple timekeeper. You can pass a well-maintained Submariner down to your progeny. You can generally sell a Nomos or an Omega long after you purchase it, often at a profit. Or you can simply keep it on your wrist as a reminder of the inexorable march of time, the importance of punctuality, and the genius of so many tiny mechanical pieces working together toward one simple but crucial function.

This will not happen with the first Apple Watch Edition models, despite Jony Ive’s strong desire to enter that realm. As of September 30, Apple moved the original Apple Watch models to its “obsolete” list, at least internally. That includes the “Edition” models that ranged from $10,000 to $17,000 at their April 2015 launch. When a product is “obsolete,” Apple no longer offers parts, repairs, or other replacement services for it.

The ceramic Apple Watch that became the new
Enlarge / The ceramic Apple Watch that became the new “Edition” two generations later. No celebrities were spotted surreptitiously sporting this before its launch.

Andrew Cunningham

The solid-gold Edition watches were no longer for sale as of September 2016, when a sensible-by-comparison ceramic Edition debuted for $9,000 less. Software updates for those watches ended in July 2018, a bit over three years after their release, with watchOS 5.

Any golden Edition watch will almost certainly not be working these days. The battery on a nearly eight-year-old, first-generation smartwatch isn’t likely to hold a charge, at the least. You could replace it yourself if you’re the type of person who is both extravagantly wealthy and also keen on cutting open a watch face with a scalpel. It might still be a good idea to remove that battery, though, given that its swelling could eventually put out the display.

It’s a very quiet, nearly invisible end for a watch that went out of its way to be seen. Apple seeded one-of-a-kind Edition watches to Beyoncé and design icon Karl Lagerfeld, with all-gold link bracelets that likely pushed the Edition into even more ludicrous pricing. Buying an Edition watch meant setting up a private one-on-one session in a select Apple Store in a major metropolitan area or having an Edition couriered to a store near you. After that, you’d have “an exclusive, dedicated Apple Watch Edition phone line for two years of 24/7 technical support,” according to a report by Mark Gurman at 9to5Mac.

Ars’ Andrew Cunningham made appointments to try on both the regular and Edition models at New York City Apple Stores shortly before their launch. At the 14th Street store, Watch and Watch Sport editions were kept in a slide-out drawer that had to be unlocked by store employees, and you got about 15 minutes to try everything on and ask questions.

At the glass-cube-topped flagship Fifth Avenue store, appointments were half an hour, in a private room, and attended to by “an almost ridiculously helpful, pleasant Apple Store employee.” The watches were brought in two at a time, in custom boxes that also served as charging cradles. The Edition employee was quite knowledgeable, but as Cunningham noted:

The only questions she couldn’t answer were the ones that Apple itself isn’t providing answers to—most importantly, how long can one expect one of these $10,000-and-up watches to be supported?

The specialty cases that contained an Apple Watch Edition also served as charging cradles, complete with Lightning ports in their sides.

The specialty cases that contained an Apple Watch Edition also served as charging cradles, complete with Lightning ports in their sides.

Andrew Cunningham

Ars commenters on that post and others related to the Apple Watch and its beyond-luxurious Edition model went back and forth trying to figure out the reason the latter existed. On one side, there was its nature as a “Rev.1” Apple product, the regular churn of any Apple hardware line, and the Watch’s complete dependence on a specific phone that likely wouldn’t support it in a few years—all of which bore out, for the most part. Others noted that, at its high price, the function was never the point. The $10,000 Edition was the same exact hardware as a $350 Space Gray model, just with precious metals and global wealth concentration attached.

The gold Editions sold only in the “low tens of thousands,” mostly in the two weeks after launch. After its strong push to market the Watch as a luxury timepiece—or, strangely, a watch that was somehow very precise at keeping time (while likely no more so than any other net-connected device)—Apple moved toward a more broad sense of the Watch as a notification and reminder triage screen, as well as a fitness helper. Jony Ive left the company a few years later, with inside reports suggesting that the Watch’s underperforming launch created distance between the acclaimed designer and the company whose fortunes he helped shape.

It makes sense that newer Watches would be better at tracking runs and measuring your vital signs than prior editions. Luxury goods are meant to stay timeless, which is hard to achieve when a gold watch needs a specific version of Bluetooth to connect to a certain range of iPhones, with parts that are offered for seven years and are unlikely to be in demand much after. The real value of an Edition was always going to be owning and showing it, not using it. Now it’s just a piece of gold, albeit one that’s a bit trickier to melt down for raw value.

Listing image by Getty Images

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